Kidney Cancer

Key Points

Overview

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the kidneys. These bean-shaped organs filter waste from the blood and produce urine. Most kidney cancers are renal cell carcinoma, which starts in the lining of the small tubes within the kidney. The exact cause is often unknown, but certain risk factors like smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure can increase the likelihood. Early-stage kidney cancer often has no specific symptoms, making early detection challenging. Management typically involves surgery to remove the tumor or the entire kidney. Other treatments like targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or radiation may be used, especially for advanced cases. Regular follow-up is crucial after treatment to monitor for recurrence.

Signs and Symptoms

• Blood in urine (hematuria)
• Persistent back or side pain
• Lump or mass in the abdomen
• Unexplained weight loss
• Extreme tiredness or fatigue

Things That Increase the Risk

• Smoking tobacco
• Obesity
• High blood pressure
• Family history of kidney cancer

Diagnosis

• Urine tests for blood or abnormal cells
• CT scan or MRI scan of the abdomen
• Kidney biopsy to confirm cancer cells

Treatment & Management

• Surgery (nephrectomy) to remove part or all of the kidney
• Targeted therapy to block cancer growth
• Immunotherapy to boost the body's defenses
• Radiation therapy to destroy cancer cells

Prevention

• Quit smoking and avoid tobacco products
• Maintain a healthy body weight
• Control high blood pressure
• Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables

Related Diseases

• Renal Cell Carcinoma
• Wilms' Tumor
• Bladder Cancer
• Ureteral Cancer

Available Treatments

Explore our range of treatment options for Kidney Cancer:

Surgical Options

Learn about surgical procedures available for Kidney Cancer: