Kidney Infection

Last Updated: July 3, 2026

Key Points

A painful urinary tract infection affecting one or both kidneys
Can lead to serious complications if untreated
Mainly treated with antibiotics
More common in women, but anyone can be affected

Overview

A kidney infection is a painful type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that can affect one or both kidneys. It's important to treat it promptly as it can lead to serious complications like sepsis if left unmanaged. These infections are typically caused by bacteria entering the body through the urethra, the tube that carries pee out. Often, it starts as another UTI like cystitis, but it can also develop independently. Certain factors, such as kidney problems or a weakened immune system, can increase the risk. Treatment usually involves antibiotics, either as tablets or, in more severe cases, through an intravenous drip in a hospital. Recovery typically takes a couple of weeks, with supportive care like rest and fluids helping to manage symptoms.

Signs and Symptoms

High temperature
Feeling or being sick
Pain in lower back or side
Diarrhoea
Aching muscles and flu-like symptoms
Pain, burning, or stinging when peeing
Frequent, urgent need to pee
Dark or cloudy pee

Things That Increase the Risk

Previous urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Conditions like cystitis
Kidney problems such as kidney stones
Weakened immune system
Being pregnant
Being female

Diagnosis

GP assessment of symptoms
Urine test to check for infection
Blood tests (if hospitalized)

Treatment & Management

Antibiotic tablets (7 to 14 days)
Hospitalization for severe cases
Intravenous (IV) antibiotics via drip
Paracetamol for pain and fever
Rest
Drinking plenty of fluids

Prevention

Fully empty your bladder when peeing
Do not hold your pee
Drink plenty of fluids
Promptly treat other urinary tract infections
Manage underlying kidney conditions

Available Treatments

Explore our range of treatment options for Kidney Infection: