Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Last Updated: July 3, 2026

Key Points

Extra electrical pathway in the heart
Causes sudden, very fast heartbeats
Usually not serious, often manageable
Treatment available if symptoms are bothersome

Overview

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a heart condition present from birth, where an extra electrical connection exists in the heart. This additional pathway can cause electrical signals to bypass the normal route, leading to episodes of a very fast heartbeat. These episodes, known as tachycardias, can last from seconds to hours and often stop on their own. While most people with WPW syndrome experience mild symptoms, some may have more frequent or severe episodes. The condition is typically managed based on the severity of symptoms and the risk of complications. Many individuals find that symptoms improve or even disappear as they get older. Management often involves techniques to stop a fast heartbeat, medications to control heart rhythm, or a procedure called cardiac ablation to remove the extra pathway. Avoiding triggers like caffeine or alcohol can also help reduce symptom frequency.

Signs and Symptoms

Sudden very fast heartbeat
Fluttering or pounding in the chest
Feeling dizzy or faint
Shortness of breath
Chest pain or discomfort
Symptoms often start between ages 30-50
Some people have no symptoms

Things That Increase the Risk

Being male
Having other heart conditions
Inherited in rare cases (runs in families)
Born with the extra electrical pathway

Diagnosis

Electrocardiogram (ECG) to check heart rhythm
Exercise ECG (heart monitored during activity)
Wearing a portable heart monitor for 24 hours or longer
Echocardiogram (ultrasound scan of the heart)
Electrophysiological (EP) study (detailed heart electrical mapping)

Treatment & Management

Vagal manoeuvres (e.g., coughing, breathing techniques)
Medication injection to reset heart rhythm
Electrical cardioversion (electric shock to reset heart)
Cardiac ablation (burning or freezing extra pathway)
Medicines to control heart rate
Avoiding symptom triggers

Prevention

Avoid alcohol and caffeine
Limit intense exercise if it triggers symptoms
Learn vagal manoeuvres to stop fast heartbeats
Regular medical check-ups for monitoring
Follow doctor's advice on medication and lifestyle

Available Treatments

Explore our range of treatment options for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: